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The State Art School was opened on October 1, 1896, after Prince Ferdinand signed a decree. This act marked the beginning of one of the oldest higher education institutions in the country. The names of a number of prominent artists and scholars stand out in the creation of today's Academy, including Konstantin Velichkov, Ivan Mrkvicka, Ivan Shishmanov, Anton Mitov, and Boris Shats. The school building at 1 Shipka Street was completed in 1907, designed by Russian architect Alexander Smirnov. It was successively transformed in 1909 into an Art and Industrial School, in 1921 into an Art Academy, in 1951 into the Nikolay Pavlovich Higher Institute of Fine Arts, and in 1995 into the National Academy of Arts.
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